EC2(Amazon Linux2)にPostgreSQLをインストールする
Amazon LinuxにRed hat用のリポジトリからyumでインストールしようとするとエラーになるので無理やりAmazon Linux2でYumでインストールしようという内容。
ちなみに、PostgreSQLのコミュニティでは下記がYumで利用可能なプラットフォームとされていますのでご注意ください。
PostgreSQL RPM Repository (with Yum) https://yum.postgresql.org/
Available Platforms
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux/CentOS/Oracle Enterprise Linux 8
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux/CentOS/Oracle Enterprise Linux/Scientific Linux 7
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux/CentOS/Oracle Enterprise Linux/Scientific Linux 6
- SuSE Enterprise Linux 12 SP5
- Fedora 32
- Fedora 31
- Fedora 30
デフォルトで参照しているAmazon Linuxのリポジトリは古いので、リポジトリをlocalにinsatllする。ただ、Amazon Linuxにredhat用のリポジトリをyumでインストールしようとするとエラーになる。
Error: Package: pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-5.noarch (/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch) Requires: /etc/redhat-release
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$ sudo yum -y localinstall https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/10/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm
Loaded plugins: extras_suggestions, langpacks, priorities, update-motd
pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm | 5.8 kB 00:00:00
Examining /var/tmp/yum-root-Ie6yep/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm: pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-5.noarch
Marking /var/tmp/yum-root-Ie6yep/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package pgdg-redhat-repo.noarch 0:42.0-5 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: /etc/redhat-release for package: pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-5.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: /etc/redhat-release for package: pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-5.noarch
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Package: pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-5.noarch (/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch)
Requires: /etc/redhat-release
You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$
Amazon Linux用のリポジトリがないので、rpmをダウンロードしてpgdg-redhat-all.repoを書き換える。
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$ wget https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-7-x86_64/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm
--2019-12-15 04:39:47-- https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-7-x86_64/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm
Resolving download.postgresql.org (download.postgresql.org)... 217.196.149.55, 72.32.157.246, 87.238.57.227, ...
Connecting to download.postgresql.org (download.postgresql.org)|217.196.149.55|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 5932 (5.8K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: ‘pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm’
100%[==================================================================================================================================================>] 5,932 --.-K/s in 0s
2019-12-15 04:39:49 (189 MB/s) - ‘pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm’ saved [5932/5932]
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$ sudo rpm -Uvh --nodeps pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm
warning: pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 442df0f8: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-5 ################################# [100%]
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$ sudo sed --in-place -e "s/\$releasever/7/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/pgdg-redhat-all.repo
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$
リポジトリ導入後のPostgreSQLパッケージの確認
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$ yum info postgresql10-server
Loaded plugins: extras_suggestions, langpacks, priorities, update-motd
amzn2-core | 2.4 kB 00:00:00
pgdg10 | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
pgdg11 | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
pgdg12 | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
pgdg94 | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
pgdg95 | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
pgdg96 | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
(1/12): pgdg12/x86_64/group_gz | 245 B 00:00:00
(2/12): pgdg11/x86_64/group_gz | 245 B 00:00:00
(3/12): pgdg10/x86_64/group_gz | 245 B 00:00:00
(4/12): pgdg94/x86_64/group_gz | 247 B 00:00:00
(5/12): pgdg95/x86_64/group_gz | 249 B 00:00:00
(6/12): pgdg12/x86_64/primary_db | 139 kB 00:00:00
(7/12): pgdg96/x86_64/group_gz | 249 B 00:00:00
(8/12): pgdg94/x86_64/primary_db | 389 kB 00:00:00
(9/12): pgdg96/x86_64/primary_db | 413 kB 00:00:00
(10/12): pgdg95/x86_64/primary_db | 401 kB 00:00:00
(11/12): pgdg10/x86_64/primary_db | 406 kB 00:00:02
(12/12): pgdg11/x86_64/primary_db | 362 kB 00:00:02
105 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
Available Packages
Name : postgresql10-server
Arch : x86_64
Version : 10.11
Release : 2PGDG.rhel7
Size : 4.5 M
Repo : pgdg10/x86_64
Summary : The programs needed to create and run a PostgreSQL server
URL : https://www.postgresql.org/
License : PostgreSQL
Description : PostgreSQL is an advanced Object-Relational database management system (DBMS).
: The postgresql10-server package contains the programs needed to create
: and run a PostgreSQL server, which will in turn allow you to create
: and maintain PostgreSQL databases.
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$
PostgreSQL11 と PostgreSQL12もインストール可能な状態。
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$ yum info postgresql11-server
Loaded plugins: extras_suggestions, langpacks, priorities, update-motd
105 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
Available Packages
Name : postgresql11-server
Arch : x86_64
Version : 11.6
Release : 2PGDG.rhel7
Size : 4.7 M
Repo : pgdg11/x86_64
Summary : The programs needed to create and run a PostgreSQL server
URL : https://www.postgresql.org/
License : PostgreSQL
Description : PostgreSQL is an advanced Object-Relational database management system (DBMS).
: The postgresql11-server package contains the programs needed to create
: and run a PostgreSQL server, which will in turn allow you to create
: and maintain PostgreSQL databases.
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$ yum info postgresql12-server
Loaded plugins: extras_suggestions, langpacks, priorities, update-motd
105 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
Available Packages
Name : postgresql12-server
Arch : x86_64
Version : 12.1
Release : 2PGDG.rhel7
Size : 13 M
Repo : pgdg12/x86_64
Summary : The programs needed to create and run a PostgreSQL server
URL : https://www.postgresql.org/
License : PostgreSQL
Description : PostgreSQL is an advanced Object-Relational database management system (DBMS).
: The postgresql12-server package contains the programs needed to create
: and run a PostgreSQL server, which will in turn allow you to create
: and maintain PostgreSQL databases.
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$
PostgreSQL10をインストールする。
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$ sudo yum -y install postgresql10-server
Loaded plugins: extras_suggestions, langpacks, priorities, update-motd
amzn2-core | 2.4 kB 00:00:00
pgdg10 | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
pgdg11 | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
pgdg12 | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
pgdg94 | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
pgdg95 | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
pgdg96 | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
(1/12): pgdg11/x86_64/group_gz | 245 B 00:00:01
(2/12): pgdg12/x86_64/group_gz | 245 B 00:00:01
(3/12): pgdg10/x86_64/group_gz | 245 B 00:00:01
(4/12): pgdg10/x86_64/primary_db | 406 kB 00:00:01
(5/12): pgdg11/x86_64/primary_db | 362 kB 00:00:01
(6/12): pgdg95/x86_64/group_gz | 249 B 00:00:00
(7/12): pgdg94/x86_64/group_gz | 247 B 00:00:00
(8/12): pgdg96/x86_64/group_gz | 249 B 00:00:00
(9/12): pgdg95/x86_64/primary_db | 401 kB 00:00:00
(10/12): pgdg12/x86_64/primary_db | 139 kB 00:00:01
(11/12): pgdg94/x86_64/primary_db | 389 kB 00:00:01
(12/12): pgdg96/x86_64/primary_db | 413 kB 00:00:01
105 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package postgresql10-server.x86_64 0:10.11-2PGDG.rhel7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: postgresql10-libs(x86-64) = 10.11-2PGDG.rhel7 for package: postgresql10-server-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: postgresql10(x86-64) = 10.11-2PGDG.rhel7 for package: postgresql10-server-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libpq.so.5()(64bit) for package: postgresql10-server-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package postgresql10.x86_64 0:10.11-2PGDG.rhel7 will be installed
---> Package postgresql10-libs.x86_64 0:10.11-2PGDG.rhel7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================================================
Installing:
postgresql10-server x86_64 10.11-2PGDG.rhel7 pgdg10 4.5 M
Installing for dependencies:
postgresql10 x86_64 10.11-2PGDG.rhel7 pgdg10 1.6 M
postgresql10-libs x86_64 10.11-2PGDG.rhel7 pgdg10 356 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+2 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 6.5 M
Installed size: 28 M
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/2/pgdg10/packages/postgresql10-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 442df0f8: NOKEY ] 979 kB/s | 960 kB 00:00:05 ETA
Public key for postgresql10-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
(1/3): postgresql10-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 1.6 MB 00:00:01
(2/3): postgresql10-libs-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 356 kB 00:00:02
(3/3): postgresql10-server-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 4.5 MB 00:00:00
-----------------------------------------------------------
Total 2.7 MB/s | 6.5 MB 00:00:02
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
Importing GPG key 0x442DF0F8:
Userid : "PostgreSQL RPM Building Project <pgsqlrpms-hackers@pgfoundry.org>"
Fingerprint: 68c9 e2b9 1a37 d136 fe74 d176 1f16 d2e1 442d f0f8
Package : pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-5.noarch (installed)
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
** Found 1 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows:
pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-5.noarch has missing requires of /etc/redhat-release
Installing : postgresql10-libs-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 1/3
Installing : postgresql10-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 2/3
Installing : postgresql10-server-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 3/3
Verifying : postgresql10-libs-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 1/3
Verifying : postgresql10-server-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 2/3
Verifying : postgresql10-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 3/3
Installed:
postgresql10-server.x86_64 0:10.11-2PGDG.rhel7
Dependency Installed:
postgresql10.x86_64 0:10.11-2PGDG.rhel7 postgresql10-libs.x86_64 0:10.11-2PGDG.rhel7
Complete!
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$ /usr/pgsql-10/bin/postgres --version
postgres (PostgreSQL) 10.11
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$
OS側にpostgresユーザが作成される。
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$ cat /etc/passwd
～中略～
ec2-user:x:1000:1000:EC2 Default User:/home/ec2-user:/bin/bash
postgres:x:26:26:PostgreSQL Server:/var/lib/pgsql:/bin/bash
[ec2-user@postdb ~]$
postgresql10-contribとpostgresql10-develも合わせてインストールする。
[root@postdb ~]# yum install postgresql10-devel
Loaded plugins: extras_suggestions, langpacks, priorities, update-motd
105 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package postgresql10-devel.x86_64 0:10.11-2PGDG.rhel7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libicu-devel for package: postgresql10-devel-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libicu-devel.x86_64 0:50.1.2-17.amzn2 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
============================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
============================================================================================
Installing:
postgresql10-devel x86_64 10.11-2PGDG.rhel7 pgdg10 2.0 M
Installing for dependencies:
libicu-devel x86_64 50.1.2-17.amzn2 amzn2-core 702 k
Transaction Summary
============================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)
Total download size: 2.7 M
Installed size: 13 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: n
Exiting on user command
Your transaction was saved, rerun it with:
yum load-transaction /tmp/yum_save_tx.2019-12-28.11-00.54JiTC.yumtx
[root@postdb ~]#
[root@postdb ~]# yum install postgresql10-contrib
Loaded plugins: extras_suggestions, langpacks, priorities, update-motd
105 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package postgresql10-contrib.x86_64 0:10.11-2PGDG.rhel7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1(LIBXML2_1.0.22)(64bit) for package: postgresql10-contrib-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1(LIBXML2_1.0.18)(64bit) for package: postgresql10-contrib-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1(LIBXML2_1.0.11)(64bit) for package: postgresql10-contrib-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1()(64bit) for package: postgresql10-contrib-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.28-5.amzn2.0.2 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
============================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
============================================================================================
Installing:
postgresql10-contrib x86_64 10.11-2PGDG.rhel7 pgdg10 587 k
Installing for dependencies:
libxslt x86_64 1.1.28-5.amzn2.0.2 amzn2-core 243 k
Transaction Summary
============================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)
Total download size: 830 k
Installed size: 2.5 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
(1/2): libxslt-1.1.28-5.amzn2.0.2.x86_64.rpm | 243 kB 00:00:00
(2/2): postgresql10-contrib-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 587 kB 00:00:02
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 281 kB/s | 830 kB 00:00:02
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : libxslt-1.1.28-5.amzn2.0.2.x86_64 1/2
Installing : postgresql10-contrib-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 2/2
Verifying : libxslt-1.1.28-5.amzn2.0.2.x86_64 1/2
Verifying : postgresql10-contrib-10.11-2PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 2/2
Installed:
postgresql10-contrib.x86_64 0:10.11-2PGDG.rhel7
Dependency Installed:
libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.28-5.amzn2.0.2
Complete!
[root@postdb ~]#
DBの初期化を行う。rootで実施。
[root@postdb ~]# /usr/pgsql-10/bin/postgresql-10-setup initdb
Initializing database ... OK
自動起動設定を行う
[root@postdb ~]# systemctl enable postgresql-10
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/postgresql-10.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-10.service.
PostgreSQLの起動、停止、再起動方法
sudo systemctl start postgresql-10.service
sudo systemctl stop postgresql-10.service
sudo systemctl restart postgresql-10.service
[ec2-user@postdb pgsql-10]$ sudo systemctl start postgresql-10.service
[ec2-user@postdb pgsql-10]$ echo $?
0
[ec2-user@postdb pgsql-10]$ ps -ef | grep postgres | grep -v grep
postgres 4184 1 0 04:58 ? 00:00:00 /usr/pgsql-10/bin/postmaster -D /var/lib/pgsql/10/data/
postgres 4187 4184 0 04:58 ? 00:00:00 postgres: logger process
postgres 4189 4184 0 04:58 ? 00:00:00 postgres: checkpointer process
postgres 4190 4184 0 04:58 ? 00:00:00 postgres: writer process
postgres 4191 4184 0 04:58 ? 00:00:00 postgres: wal writer process
postgres 4192 4184 0 04:58 ? 00:00:00 postgres: autovacuum launcher process
postgres 4193 4184 0 04:58 ? 00:00:00 postgres: stats collector process
postgres 4194 4184 0 04:58 ? 00:00:00 postgres: bgworker: logical replication launcher
[ec2-user@postdb pgsql-10]$
[ec2-user@postdb pgsql-10]$
[ec2-user@postdb pgsql-10]$ sudo systemctl stop postgresql-10.service
[ec2-user@postdb pgsql-10]$
[ec2-user@postdb pgsql-10]$
[ec2-user@postdb pgsql-10]$ ps -ef | grep postgres | grep -v grep
[ec2-user@postdb pgsql-10]$
[ec2-user@postdb pgsql-10]$
接続してみる。
[ec2-user@postdb pgsql-10]$ su - postgres
Password:
Last login: Sun Dec 15 04:59:38 UTC 2019 on pts/1
-bash-4.2$
-bash-4.2$ psql --version
psql (PostgreSQL) 10.11
-bash-4.2$
-bash-4.2$
-bash-4.2$ psql
psql (10.11)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=#
postgres=# select version();
version
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PostgreSQL 10.11 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39), 64-bit
(1 row)
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